the concentrations of other nutrien

the concentrations of other nutrients, P-Na, K-Na, Zn-Na, Mn-Na, Cu-Na, and Al-Na were negative (Figures 2 and 4). Thus, Al and Na accumulator plants have a tendency to maintain a low concentration of other nutrients in their leaves, even if enough of the nutrients exist in the culture medium (for example in hydroponic culture). Fe also showed an exclusive relationship with other elements (Figures 2 and 5), although its negative relationship was not as strong as that of Al or Na. For these reasons, Al will form a complex with P in the root surface, at the cell surface, and in free space [48], preventing P translocation above ground. Al restricts the absorption of K in tea [49] and in maize [50]. Al can inhibit the absorption of Ca or Mg in upland rice [51], coffee [52], casaba [53], wheat [4, 5], Pinus radiata [54], maize [6], and many field crop species [55]. Al will compete with Mn in barley [8], sorghum [56], and maize [58]. Al also competes with Cu in potatoes [59] and sorghum [56].